1. Do you often go travelling? How do you usually organise your vacation? What was the last trip you took? Explain the differences between the following pairs of words. Give a sample sentence for each.

2. Would you like to go to Canada? Where exactly would you choose to go to? Read the extracts about Canadian top travel destinations and match them to the pictures. Look at the words in colour and explain their meaning.

WHISTLER:

1) This is the largest ski resort in North America and is a picturesque town full of charm. You can hire a vehicle or arrange a bus tour to explore the region depending on the season. This refreshing and spectacular mountain-top area is a one-of-a-kind alpine wonder and escape for couples and families with spas, golf courses, and fine dining. journey – voyage tour – city break 2. Would you like to go to Canada? Where exactly would you choose to go to? Read the extracts about Canadian top travel destinations and match them to the pictures. Look at the words in colour and explain their meaning. excursion – outing package tour – cruise

TORONTO ISLAND:

2) Escape the crowds of downtown Toronto and head off across Lake Ontario by ferry to this family-friendly destination, to enjoy the Centreville Amusement Park, the Gibraltar Point Lighthouse, and breathtaking views of the Toronto skyline.

EXHIBITION PLACE:

3) This is a perfect place, which is home to almost half of Toronto’s historical buildings and is set in expansive parklands. Visit an exhibition, watch a live performance, or visit a historical monument, such as the Shrine Peace Memorial or the Princes’ Gates.

CN TOWER:

4) Undoubtedly this is one of the top tourist attractions and one of the world’s tallest free standing structures, 553 metres high. If you’re not scared of heights, get to the top in only 58 seconds and experience one of the best views in North America through a glass floor giving you an 1,122 feet view down below!

CASA LOMA:

5) Visit North America’s only “true castle” with ancient gothic architecture, five-acre gardens, underground tunnels, and a museum, which will transport you to a medieval world. Take a guided tour or watch a documentary about the millionaire who built this charming structure.

BANFF NATIONAL PARK:

6) Home to an array of wildlife including bear and moose, this reserve is in its own right and operates many tours, including Grizzly bear tours and evening wildlife safaris. View these wonderful creatures, and a highlight is the orphaned Grizzly named “Boo” who lives in the Grizzly bear refuge.

GROUSE MOUNTAIN:

7) This park is a four-season must-see British Columbia family destination and an adventure escape full of gondola rides, wildlife, helicopter tours, hiking trails, and paragliding. Kids and adults alike can easily spend a full day exploring the park and take the chairlift for breathtaking views of Vancouver city and beyond.

WALKING FOOD TOURS:

8) Explore an evolving food scene while discovering Ottawa’s pretty streets. One such food tour is “C’est Bon Cooking”, which takes you through the Byward Market and other food hotspots.

set off / get away /see off / look around / get on / get in / touch down / pack into / stay on / laze around / soak up / take in / wander round / indulge in / treat to / round off

1) What time does the train _____?

2) Once I _____ a train, who knows how long I’ll be on it?

3) “Our plane _____ at half past seven in the morning.”

4) “We _____ really early this morning, that’s why I’m so tired.”

5) “I’m really stressed at work and what I really need is to _____.

6) We’ll _____ you _____ at the airport.

7) “After we checked in to our hotel we wanted to _____ the local area to see what it was like.”

8) Holidays are a time when we are kind to ourselves – for example we probably eat out more than we do at home, and we might _____ rich foods that we normally avoid. We might _____ ourselves _____ a particularly enjoyable experience in order to _____ the holiday, though if we enjoy ourselves too much, we may be tempted to _____ and get stuck for three or four days!

9) Some people enjoy staying active and like to _____ a lot _____ their holidays, while others prefer to _____, just _____ the atmosphere or _____ the view. You might choose to spend your days _____ a lovely old town, or enjoying the sun on the beach.

4. Read the guideline for travelling around Canada and discuss it with your partner. Would you like to visit Canada? Support your answer and plan your own trip.

Fantastically beautiful Canada is filled with incredibly welcoming people, gleaming superior cities, and a diverse landscape: from the icy tundra of the Yukon to the rocky beaches of the east coast, from the mountains of Calgary to the rainforests of Vancouver. With over 10 provinces, this North American country is a comfortable and exciting destination for travellers of all ages.

Canada is big and makes for a wonderful road trip country, but it’s hard to get around without a car. Within city limits, you’ll find great public transportation networks, especially the metro system. There is a train service called VIA Rail that runs from coast to coast and is very scenic. But when it comes to travelling between cities in Ontario and Quebec Megabus is the cheapest option as fares can be as low as 1 CAD if booked in advance! For long-haul routes throughout the country there are Red Arrow, Greyhound, or Coach Canada. If you’re going between provinces or staying a while in the country, consider renting a car. As your last alternative, you can fly, but the country has only two major airlines, WestJet and Air Canada, so both are with high prices.

Accommodation rates can vary a lot depending on what city you’re staying in. On average, for a dorm room at a hostel or a budget hotel room you can end up paying some 30-60CAD. But expect prices to rise remarkably in larger cities, like Vancouver or Toronto, while smaller towns won’t have many options, though are generally quite cheap. Also don’t hesitate to ask the locals for advice. Remember, Canadians are friendly!

If camping is your thing, you’ll have plenty of options all across the country. Prices will vary depending on the grounds and many of the major campgrounds will sell out early, so be sure to book in advance during the peak season.

Food can be inexpensive as long as you cook for yourself. A meal out at a restaurant will cost you around 15-35 CAD, so cheap sandwich shops and fast food are your most favourable option.

Canada has a lot of outdoor activities – kayaking and canoeing, hiking, skiing, snowboarding, and white-water rafting are just some of those available. No matter what part of the country you are in, and no matter the season, you will always find something to do. There is definitely a reason everyone around the world loves Canada and its people.

A FEW TIPS FOR YOU:

• Canadians drive on the right hand side and using mobile phones while driving is illegal.

• In Quebec province, road signs are in French and in many areas, it is legal to turn right on a red light.

• Pedestrians have the right of way at crosswalks.

PACKING ESSENTIALS:

• Camera – You’ll want to look back on the amazing views.

• Warm clothes – Temperatures can drop far below 0°C!

• Waterproof clothes – You are guaranteed to come across rain or snow.

• Hiking boots – There are numerous national parks to explore.

make possible / rapid streams / best for you / priority in traffic / distant / panoramic / sell all of smth / most popular time / greatly / excellent of its kind / to go from place to place

1) There is no wide choice of accommodation … 

PARTICIPLES

Present Participle Usage The present participle is the ing-form of a verb. We use this form as:

– a continuous form in tenses, as an adjective and as a gerund:

E.g.: They were just standing there. I seemed to be interesting for them. They were only interested in grazing.

– after verbs of sensation (feel, find, hear, listen to, notice, see, smell, watch) + object, in order to emphasise the progress of an action or a value judgement such as admiration or disapproval:

E.g.: I watched them grazing. I saw them throwing rubbish on the grass!

NOTE! Some verbs can be used with either the infinitive or the present participle:

E.g.: I saw the girl pick the flowers. (to emphasise that I saw the entire action take place). I saw the girl picking the flowers. (to express that I caught the act of picking up the flowers).

– in order to shorten an active clause that is attached to another clause that shares the same subject:

E.g.: The sheep were just standing there. They were wagging their tails. The sheep were just standing there wagging their tails. BUT

E.g.: The sheep have come to see if I have food for them. (expresses the goal/purpose of an action) Past

Participle Usage The

Past Participle is the third verb form in the tables of irregular verbs. We use this form:

– in the perfect tenses, passive forms and as an adjective:

E.g.: They had eaten so much grass. They were left out in the meadow. They were only interested in grazing.

– when changing passive clauses into participle clauses:

E.g.: The sheep were called by me. They slowly came over to me. Called by me, the sheep slowly came.

Perfect Participle Usage

We use the perfect participle to form participle clauses, when …

– … the action has already been completed before the other action begins:

E.g.: They were full up because they had eaten so much grass. Having eaten so much grass, they were full up.

– … the action takes place over a longer period of time until another action:

E.g.: They had been running around on the meadow all day long so they were tired. Having run around on the meadow all day long, they were tired.

1) (run) _____ five miles, he noticed that he had lost his keys on the way.

2) (prepare) _____ by the best cook in town, the meal was sheer poetry.

3) (study) _____ all day, her head was aching in the evening.

4) (lie) _____ on the sofa, they were watching TV.

5) Before (leave) _____ the house, I always check if all lights are switched-off.

1) The police saw the body. It was floating down the river.

2) He cried at the top of his voice. He rushed at the thief.

3) We had worked for several hours. We came out of the office.

4) He didn’t realize the implication of his words. He went on speaking.

5) It was a fine day. Everybody was out on the roads.

6) We met a boy. He was carrying a heavy bag.

7) The house was decorated with lights. It looked beautiful.

8) The robbers saw the policeman. They ran away.

9) I found the door open. I went inside.

10)I walked along the road. I saw a snake.

11) The burglars broke the door open. They entered the house.

12) His handwriting was illegible. I couldn’t figure out what he had written.

13) We make some friendships in childhood. They last forever.

14) The luggage was packed. We set out on our journey.

9. Replace the relative clause by a participle clause while keeping the rest of the sentence unchanged.

1) Irish people who live in Great Britain have the right to vote in British elections.

2) A friend who helps you in need is a good friend indeed.

3) The boy who was waiting in the hall expected a phone call.

4) Passengers who wanted to go to Liverpool had to change in Manchester.

5) The girl who was picked up by her brother was very nice.

6) A picture that shows the image of a person is a portrait.

7) The problems that were discussed will be essential for your exam.

8) Animals that eat only plants are called herbivores.

9) The house that stands at the end of the road will soon be sold.

10) The conference which was planned by non-governmental organisations was about globalisation.

10. Write a postcard to your friend at home about the way you are spending time in Canada. Tell your friend: • where you are and the way you are travelling around there; • about an awesome place/activity you saw/did yesterday and how you felt; • about other fantastic plans you are going to fulfil in Canada next week.