– What do you know about Australia? Choose the correct answers.
1) The capital of Australia is:
| a) Sydney | b) Canberra |
| a) the world’s largest country | b) the world’s smallest continent |
| a) Down Under | b) Aussie |
| a) Australian dollar | b) Australian Pound |
| a) James Cook | b) Marco Polo |
| a) 7 | b) 50 |
| a) aborigines | b) British colonists |
| a) tennis and golf | b) soccer and basketball | c) surfing, sailing and swimming |
| a) have a barbecue at home | b) have a picnic on the beach | c) hold special parties |
1. Match the pictures to the types of parties. Say whether you have ever attended any such parties.
fancy dress party / gala / housewarming / reception / sleepover / small gathering / masquerade / national holiday
2. a) Fill the phrasal verbs into the sentences. Give their Ukrainian equivalents.
1) look forward to 2) take time off 3) put up 4) wrap up 5) ask around 6) count down 7) dress up 8) get together 9) wind down 10) chill out | a) Do you _____ decorations during the Christmas season? b) Do you enjoy _____ presents? c) Do you like to _____ at the cafe with a book or in front of TV on the sofa? d) Do all the members of your family _____ once a year for Christmas or New Year? e) Are you _____ Christmas? f) Do you find it difficult to _____ after a day at work/school? g) Do you/your parents _____ work to celebrate holidays? h) Do you usually _____ your family and friends _____ for a holiday dinner? i) On New Year’s Eve, do you _____ the time until midnight? j) Do you ever _____ when going to parties? |
b) Talk about the holidays. Ask and answer the questions above in pairs.
3. Read the text about the end-of-the-year holidays in Australia and tell how they aredifferent from your national ones. What is the most unusual fact about them?
Australians live on the world’s largest island, which is also the world’s smallest continent. Most of Australia’s immigrants came from England and Ireland, 1) _____. Australia is the Land Down Under, where the seasons are opposite to ours, so Christmas, celebrated on December 25, is during summer vacation, and the festivities begin yet in late November. The most popular events of the Christmas season are singing Christmas carols and presenting Nativity plays. Families decorate their homes with ferns, palm leaves, and evergreens, along with the colourful flowers that bloom in summer 2) _____. Some families put up a Christmas tree.
On Christmas Eve, all children expect Father Christmas to leave gifts, some families attend church. Christmas Day comes, kids open their presents, families and close friends gather together. The highlight of the day is the midday dinner, when Australians enjoy a traditional British Christmas dinner of roast turkey or ham and a rich plum pudding, 3) _____. Other families choose to head for the backyard barbecue and grill their holiday meal in the sunshine, many even go to the countryside or to the beach to enjoy a picnic, where Father Christmas may show up in shorts to greet children on Christmas!
The day after Christmas is called Boxing Day; this is when Australians with British and Irish backgrounds leave tips for the grocer, postman, newspaper carrier, and others 4) _____. But the highest point of summer holidays in Australia is the colourful and sparkling celebration of New Year’s Eve. In the Gregorian calendar, 5) _____, New Year’s Eve, the last day of the year, is on 31 December.
Even though, it is not a public holiday, all educational institutions are closed, in most government offices public servants get time off work, while businesses have normal opening hours. Australians annually celebrate New Year’s Eve with parties, parades, music, but the prominent part of the day is New Year’s Eve ball, which is a popular tradition and can have various themes, like masquerades, black-tie or formal wear, tropical or gangster and glamour. At such events you can be awarded with prizes for most intriguing or best-dressed outfits.
There are countless free public events held on the night, where visitors can experience Australia’s unique cheer. In cities and towns across the country, Australians get outdoors to count down the final moments of the year and enjoy memorable time with family and friends. As the clock strikes midnight, fireworks are set off to farewell the old year and to welcome the new year, New Year’s Day comes. People mark this occasion, they toast their glasses, drink champagne, hug or shake hands, kiss each other on the cheek 6) _____. Everyone prepares their New Year’s resolutions for the next year.
4. Complete the text with the following extracts.
a) to thank them for their help in the past year
b) called Christmas bush and Christmas bellflower
c) which was introduced to Australia by European settlers
d) bringing their Christmas customs with them
e) which is traditionally set aflame before it is brought to the table
f) to show their joy and appreciation for the old and new years
5. Look at the words in colour in the text and use them to tell about the traditions of Christmas or New Year celebrations in Ukraine.
6. What do you think is special about Australia? Listen to the people talking about the advantages of living in this country and mark the reasons each speaker describes.
Clean environment Multicultural society Unusual traditions Safety rate | Great destinations Low population density Local specialties Exotic animals | Opportunities to study Friendly people Virgin nature Great climate |
7. Fill in the blanks in the sentences, then listen to the recording again to check your answers.
1) Australia _____ four distinct seasons throughout the year.
2) Each deep breath of clean air helps _____ your body, _____ your immune system, _____-happiness as well as making you feel _____ and _____.
3) People from over 100 countries have _____ to this country, making Australia one of the world’s most culturally _____ countries.
4) Some iconic tourist attractions in this country include 19 World _____ including the Great Barrier _____, Bondi _____, the Daintree _____ and Sydney Opera _____, which are a huge _____ for many students from all over the world.
5) No matter where they live, Australians are good at _____ whenever required.
6) With only 6.4 people per _____, this country is one of less _____ countries in the world.
7) There is an impressive number of study _____ for overseas students with over 1,200 _____ and 22,000 _____ in Australia to choose from.
ADJECTIVES describe nouns (how someone or something is):
E.g.: Theresa is happy that she can travel a lot.
We also use adjectives after the verbs: be, become, get, grow, keep, remain, seem, sound, stay, turn, feel: E.g.: People feel good when they travel.
ADVERBS describe adjectives, verbs, or other adverbs.
E.g.: A car travels not as fast as a train. We are running along happily.
NOTE! His English is good. (adjective) He speaks English well. (adverb) Some words have the same form for the adverb as for the adjective. The most important of these are: daily, enough, early, far, fast, hourly, little, long, low, monthly, much, straight, weekly, yearly.
E.g.: He spoke in a loud voice. Don’t speak so loudly. He spoke louder/more loudly than necessary. They have direct access to the data. They can access the data file direct/directly. His assumption is wrong. You’ve spelled my name wrong/wrongly.
BUT: Something has gone wrong with that machine. (not: wrongly)
The following adjectives and adverbs have different forms with different meanings:
| ADJECTIVE | ADVERB (same form as adjective) | ADVERB (-ly form) |
| Hard – Life is hard. | Hard – She works hard. | Hardly – She hardly ever works. |
| Late – Don’t be late. | Late – He is working late today. | Lately– Have you seen her lately? |
Near – He is a near relative. | Near – Do you live somewhere near? | Nearly – He nearly fell off his chair. |
Pretty – She has a pretty face. | Pretty – She is pretty nervous. | Prettily – She sings prettily |
Short – He has got short hair. | Short – We had to cut our holiday short. | Shortly – I will be with you shortly. |
8. Choose the correct adverb to complete the sentences.
near / nearly 1) I _____ missed the train. 2) They have spent _____ € 1,000,000 on a new plane. 3) The time was drawing _____ for my flight to Paris. hard / hardly 1) He has worked _____ all his life. 2) I didn’t mean to hit him so _____. 3) We could _____ afford to pay the rent. high / highly 1) He was _____ praised for his charity work. 2) The birds are flying _____. 3) He raised his hands up _____. short / shortly 1) He will come _____. 2) The cashier came up _____ ten dollars on his morning shift. 3) We’re going to have a break proper _____. | deep / deeply 1) The river runs _____. 2) I’m _____ sorry for your loss. 3) His comment offended her _____. late / lately 1) He came _____ to school. 2) I haven’t heard from him _____. 3) Have I told you _____ that I love you. dead / deadly 1) Politics is a _____ serious business. 2) You’re _____ right. 3) The lesson was _____ boring. right / rightly 1) Turn _____ at the next crossroads. 2) He was _____ blamed for the accident. 3) The car keys were _____ here a moment ago. sharp / sharply 1) Be here at 6 p.m. _____. 2) Turn _____ over there at the crossroads. 3) The teacher spoke _____ to the boy. |
9. Read the following sentences carefully and decide which forms are appropriate in the given context: near/ly, hard/ly, late/ly, high/ly, wide/ly.
1) She was standing _____ enough to hear what they were talking about.
2) I listened _____ but couldn’t understand a word.
3) There is _____ any difference between these two methods.
4) Professor Tomas is a _____ regarded mathematician.
5) I’ve been teaching at this University for _____ ten years.
6) His views on tuition fees are _____ known.
7) People over 70 travel _____ on public transport.
8) Information is _____ available on the Internet.
9) The house was built on a hill _____ above the sea.
10) To change the programme at the last minute is _____ impossible.
11)I could _____ understand a word.
12) The company _____ went bankrupt last year, but _____ things have been looking up.
13) Better _____ than never.
14) She lives _____ here.
15)I can’t get the figures right, no matter how _____ I try.
16) At 4 a.m. she was still _____ awake.
10. a) Here are some common New Year’s resolutions (personal plans for the coming year). Tick the resolutions you would like to make. I’m going to…..
__Exercise: do more / join a gym / take up a sport
__Health: lose some weight / go on a diet / eat less chocolate / stop smoking / give up junk food
__Hobbies: start a new hobby / join a club / learn a new skill (how to cook, paint, play an instrument)
__Friends: make new friends / write to friends more / be kinder to friends / spend more or less time with friends
__Studies: study more / do more homework / listen more in class / get books from the library / read more
__Money: get a Saturday or holiday job / save more money / spend less / be careful with pocket money
__Stress: worry less / work less / relax more on the weekends / go to bed earlier
b) Think of something you’ve always wanted to change in your life and tell about it to your classmates.
11. Choose a good year for you. Tell your partner why this year was so special: What happened? What did you do? Who did you meet? Where did you go? What was most surprising and pleasant about it?
Матеріал до підручника Англійська мова 11 клас Нерсисян, Піроженко 2019
